I agree. If it's indeed atmospheric I would put some sort of filter on it to keep crap out of the valve.

 

Another update. So after new battery, couple of days and 150 miles of driving, the check engine light never came back. I think it is safe to say, that bad battery was the problem, even though check engine code was completely unrelated to the problem. Thank you everyone for the help. And now I can at least learn the turbo parts names from the picture provided earlier

 

Sam, Jerry, Bill? What’s in a name! Enjoy the ride! It’s fun to drive in the Booster seat!